Sodium acetate: Indication, Dosage, Side Effect, Precaution

This information is not country-specific. Please refer to the Indonesia prescribing information.

Generic Medicine Info

Indications and Dosage

Intravenous
Source of sodium

Adult: May be added to large volume IV fluids to prevent or correct hyponatraemia in patients with restricted or no oral intake. Dose and rate of administration depends on the needs of the patient. Maintenance electrolyte requirements of sodium in parenteral nutrition solutions: 3-4 mEq/kg/24 hr or 25-40 mEq/1000 kcal/24 hr (Daily requirements), Maximum: 100-150 mEq/24 hr. Monitor serum sodium for dosage adjustments.
Elderly: Lower doses may be required.

Contraindications

Respiratory or metabolic alkalosis, hypocalcaemia, hyponatraemia, fluid retention.

Special Precautions

Renal failure, severe renal insufficiency and in clinical states where there is oedema with sodium retention, hepatic failure, heart failure, hypertension, eclampsia, aldosteronism. Avoid extravasation. Pregnancy.

Adverse Reactions

Thrombosis, hypervolaemia; chemical cellulitis at inj site (extravasation); hypernatraemia, dilution of serum electrolytes, over-hydration, hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypocalcaemia; gastric distension, flatulence; phlebitis; pulmonary oedema; congestive conditions.

Overdosage

Discontinue treatment and initiate corrective measures to reduce increased sodium levels and restore acid-base balance.

Drug Interactions

May affect the absorption of certain drugs due to increased intra-gastric pH. May increase renal clearance of acidic drugs e.g. salicylates and barbiturates, and prolongs the half-life of basic drugs.

Action

Description:
Mechanism of Action: Sodium plays an important role in controlling the total body water and its distribution. Sodium is the main cation in the extracellular fluid and comprises >90% of total cations. The acetate component is an alternate source of bicarbonate by metabolic conversion in the liver.
Pharmacokinetics:
Metabolism: Occurs rapidly and completely into bicarbonate even in the presence of severe liver disease.

Storage

Store at 20-25°C.

MIMS Class

Electrolytes

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